Letter to the Editor Regarding "The Potential Negative Effects of Smoking on Cervical and Lumbar Surgery Beyond Pseudarthrosis: A Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative Study".

Letter to the Editor Regarding "The Potential Negative Effects of Smoking on Cervical and Lumbar Surgery Beyond Pseudarthrosis: A Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative Study". World Neurosurg. 2023 Nov; 179:248.

View in: PubMed

subject areas

Humans
Lumbar Vertebrae
Michigan
Pseudarthrosis
Retrospective Studies
Smoking
Spinal Fusion
Tobacco Smoking
Treatment Outcome

authors with profiles

Lance M Villeneuve
Zachary Adam Smith
Esmaeil Mohammadi