Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia; cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent) facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.

Descriptor ID	D016142
MeSH Number(s)	C05.660.207.410 C10.500.034.875 C16.131.077.410 C16.131.260.380 C16.131.621.207.410 C16.131.666.034.875 C16.320.180.380
Concept/Terms	Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephalies Semilobar Holoprosencephaly Semilobar Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephalies, Semilobar Holoprosencephaly, Semilobar Semilobar Holoprosencephalies Lobar Holoprosencephaly Lobar Holoprosencephaly Holoprosencephalies, Lobar Holoprosencephaly, Lobar Lobar Holoprosencephalies Alobar Holoprosencephaly Alobar Holoprosencephaly Alobar Holoprosencephalies Holoprosencephalies, Alobar Holoprosencephaly, Alobar Holoprosencephaly, Familial Alobar Arhinencephaly Arhinencephaly Arhinencephalies

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Holoprosencephaly".

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is related to "Holoprosencephaly".

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Holoprosencephaly".